Here are 7 types of liquid level sensors to your reference:
1. Optical water level sensor
The optical sensor is strong-state. They use infrared LEDs and phototransistors, and when the sensor is in the air, they are optically coupled. When the sensor head is immersed within the liquid, the infrared light will escape, inflicting the output to change. These sensors can detect the presence or absence of virtually any liquid. They don’t seem to be sensitive to ambient light, will not be affected by foam when in air, and aren’t affected by small bubbles when in liquid. This makes them useful in situations the place state modifications must be recorded quickly and reliably, and in situations where they’ll operate reliably for long intervals without maintenance.
Advantages: non-contact measurement, high accuracy, and fast response.
Disadvantages: Don’t use under direct sunlight, water vapor will have an effect on the measurement accuracy.
2. Capacitance liquid level sensor
Capacitance level switches use 2 conductive electrodes (normally made of metal) within the circuit, and the gap between them may be very short. When the electrode is immersed in the liquid, it completes the circuit.
Advantages: can be utilized to find out the rise or fall of the liquid in the container. By making the electrode and the container the identical height, the capacitance between the electrodes may be measured. No capacitance means no liquid. A full capacitance represents a complete container. The measured values of “empty” and “full” should be recorded, after which zero% and 100% calibrated meters are used to display the liquid level.
Disadvantages: The corrosion of the electrode will change the capacitance of the electrode, and it needs to be cleaned or recalibrated.
3. Tuning fork level sensor
The tuning fork level gauge is a liquid level level switch instrument designed by the tuning fork principle. The working precept of the switch is to cause its vibration via the resonance of the piezoelectric crystal.
Every object has its resonant frequency. The resonant frequency of the thing is said to the scale, mass, form, force… of the object. A typical instance of the resonant frequency of the thing is: the identical glass cup in a row Filling with water of different heights, you can perform instrumental music performance by tapping.
Advantages: It may be really unaffected by flow, bubbles, liquid types, etc., and no calibration is required.
Disadvantages: Can’t be used in viscous media.
4. Diaphragm liquid level sensor
The diaphragm or pneumatic level switch relies on air pressure to push the diaphragm, which engages with a micro switch inside the primary body of the device. As the liquid level will increase, the internal pressure in the detection tube will improve till the microswitch is activated. Because the liquid level drops, the air pressure additionally drops, and the switch opens.
Advantages: There is no such thing as a want for power within the tank, it can be used with many types of liquids, and the switch will not come into contact with liquids.
Disadvantages: Since it is a mechanical gadget, it will need maintenance over time.
5.Float water level sensor
The float switch is the unique level sensor. They’re mechanical equipment. The hollow float is related to the arm. Because the float rises and falls within the liquid, the arm will be pushed up and down. The arm can be related to a magnetic or mechanical switch to find out on/off, or it will be related to a level gauge that modifications from full to empty when the liquid level drops.
The usage of float switches for pumps is a cheap and efficient method to measure the water level in the pumping pit of the basement.
Advantages: The float switch can measure any type of liquid and could be designed to operate without any energy supply.
Disadvantages: They are larger than other types of switches, and because they’re mechanical, they must be used more steadily than different level switches.
6. Ultrasonic liquid level sensor
The ultrasonic level gauge is a digital level gauge managed by a microprocessor. Within the measurement, the ultrasonic pulse is emitted by the sensor (transducer). The sound wave is reflected by the liquid surface and obtained by the same sensor. It is converted into an electrical signal by a piezoelectric crystal. The time between the transmission and reception of the sound wave is used to calculate the Measure of the gap to the surface of the liquid.
The working precept of the ultrasonic water level sensor is that the ultrasonic transducer (probe) sends out a high-frequency pulse sound wave when it encounters the surface of the measured level (material), is reflected, and the mirrored echo is acquired by the transducer and transformed into an electrical signal. The propagation time of the sound wave. It is proportional to the space from the sound wave to the surface of the object. The relationship between the sound wave transmission distance S and the sound speed C and the sound transmission time T can be expressed by the formula: S=C×T/2.
Advantages: non-contact measurement, the measured medium is nearly unlimited, and it may be widely used for measuring the height of various liquids and solid materials.
Disadvantages: The measurement accuracy is vastly affected by the temperature and dirt of the present environment.
7. Radar level gauge
A radar liquid level is a liquid level measuring instrument based on the principle of time travel. The radar wave runs on the speed of light, and the running time may be converted into a level signal by electronic components. The probe sends out high-frequency pulses that travel at the speed of light in house, and when the pulses meet the surface of the material, they’re reflected and obtained by the receiver within the meter, and the distance signal is converted into a level signal.
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